Synology RS2821RP Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0
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- Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 1
User Guide for Synology High Availability (SHA) Based on DSM 7.0 and Synology High Availability 2.1.0 1 - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 2
notifications Chapter 4: Navigate the SHA User Interface 28 4.1 Cluster 4.2 Host 4.3 Network 4.4 Service 4.5 Storage 4.6 Log 4.7 Split-brain Chapter 5: Maintain your High-availability Cluster 37 5.1 Software updates 5.2 Drive firmware update 5.3 Network management 5.4 Storage capacity - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 3
in mind, users can rest assured that their services are constantly maintained, even in the event of sudden disaster. Those who wish to make full use of the support provided by Synology High Availability will benefit from the information in this User Guide. For information regarding SHA design and - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 4
Models section on this page for the latest information on SHA and its supported devices. Series FS series SA series 22 series 21 series 20 series series 17 series 16 series 15 series 14 series 13 series 12 series Supported models FS6400, FS3600, FS3400, FS3017, FS2500, FS2017, FS1018 SA3600, SA3400 - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 5
Chapter 1: Introduction 2.2 System requirements In Synology High Availability (SHA), the active server and the passive server are referred to as "hosts". Models and versions • To create an SHA cluster, two Synology NAS (hosts) with support for SHA are required to act as the active and passive - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 6
same network interface. For example, if one host connects to subnet A via LAN 1, the other host also must connect to subnet A via LAN 1. Note: NTP service will be automatically enabled on the active server once the high-availability cluster is created. 04 - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 7
cards also count as additional LAN ports. Note: With a hybrid high-availability cluster, you can have a different number of built-in network ports other Synology NAS using a specified network interface. If the connection passes through a switch, make sure that the switch also supports Jumbo Frame - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 8
for the data network and the Heartbeat connection. Once the high-availability cluster has been created, link aggregation settings cannot be modified. a Synology NAS in use section for instructions. USB device limitations SHA does not support switchover/failover for USB devices. Any services or - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 9
use one as the cluster connection and the other as the Heartbeat connection. This section explains how to connect the hosts to create a high-availability cluster. 1. Use a network cable to connect the two hosts. This connection will serve as the Heartbeat connection between the two hosts and assist - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 10
section. 3.2 Create a cluster Create a cluster with two new Synology NAS This section provides instructions on how to create a high-availability cluster using two new Synology NAS. For example, we will use two brand-new DS1621+ Synology NAS, Server A (active) and Server B (passive). In this example - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 11
Chapter 3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster • Server B • Server name: NAS-B • LAN 1: DHCP IP address • LAN 2: Static IP address 10.17.196.13 4. On each server, go to the Package Center and install Synology High Availability. 5. Sign in on the host that you want to assume the role of the active - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 12
Chapter 3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster 8. Read the content of the Before you start page carefully. After confirming that the configurations of your two servers meet the requirements, click Next. 9. If the recommended network configuration meets your needs, configure your network according to - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 13
used the following name and IP address for example: • Cluster Hostname: NAS-HA • Cluster Static IP address: 10.17.196.14 13. The after reading the instructions and click Yes. 16. The wizard will start creating the high-availability cluster. The services via the new cluster hostname and IP address. 11 - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 14
environment meets the requirements as defined in Chapter 2: Required environment. 2. Synology High Availability does not support Synology NAS implemented with SHR (Synology Hybrid RAID). If you have already set up SHR on your existing Synology NAS, make sure to remove the SHR storage pool before you - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 15
DSM 7.0 and DSM 6.2 for more instructions. b. Go to the Package Center and uninstall Synology Directory Server. c. Create a high-availability cluster. d. Reinstall Synology IP address of the active server to access your Synology NAS. If services are transferred to another server after a failover, the - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 16
an SHA Cluster 5. Click Yes to open the cluster creation wizard. Services on the active server will continue during cluster creation. 6. Read the Tick the checkbox after reading the instructions and click Yes. 12. The wizard will start creating the high-availability cluster. The time needed varies - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 17
If a problem occurs during the testing process that causes the cluster or a server to be removed, you can sign in to DSM again using the active server's IP address. Manual switchover and automatic failover A switchover can be manually triggered for system maintenance with little service interruption - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 18
unplug all cables from the active server (NAS-A). Services will be temporarily unavailable. 3. The system will notice that the active server (NAS-A) is unavailable and perform autofailover to the passive server (NAS-B). The passive server (NAS-B) will become the active server and start providing - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 19
discovers that the data is inconsistent (split-brain error), the High Availability cluster will enter Safe Mode. 7. After waiting some time, sign in to DSM (NAS-A) via one of the server's IP address. You will see that the high-availability cluster status displays Split-brain error. Notes: 1. If you - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 20
Sign in to DSM (NAS-A) via the cluster IP address. 2. Services on both the servers and the IP addresses of the high-availability cluster will be is complete. 3.4 Set up storage for SHA Before you start This user guide uses the following examples, which are based on SHA's minimum requirements: • - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 21
• Only RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 10, RAID F1 and BASIC are supported. • Please install a brand new hard disk, as a used hard disk may settings on both servers will be the same. Storage settings 1. Sign in to DSM using the cluster IP address and go to Storage Manager. 2. Go to Storage and - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 22
4. Select and deploy the two drives and click Next. Chapter 3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster 5. Select Perform drive check and click Next. 6. Allocate the capacity size and click Next. 7. Select Btrfs for the file system and click Next. For more information on file systems, refer to this - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 23
Chapter 3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster 3.5 Monitored services Select the services that you want to monitor with Synology High Availability. If a monitored service fails on the active server, the system will fail over to the passive server as long as it is operating normally. 3.6 Quorum - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 24
Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster Set up a quorum server 1. Go to Synology High Availability > Service. 2. Tick Enable quorum server and enter the IP address of the quorum server. on your needs. The following three types of UPS are supported by SHA: • SNMP UPS • USB UPS • Synology UPS server 22 - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 25
equipment's requirements. If something happens to the power supply, UPS will help prevent the Synology NAS from powering off unexpectedly. If the active server experiences issues with its power supply, the . Then, they will automatically restart to continue providing high-availability services. 23 - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 26
switch and set up any type of UPS (USB UPS / SNMP UPS / Synology UPS server) as the power source protection. If you use USB UPS, connect the occurs, the entire cluster will enter Safe Mode. If you use a SNMP UPS or Synology UPS server, you can connect one or both of the servers to the same UPS. - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 27
UPS / Synology UPS server). Synology UPS server, you will need to set up a corresponding UPS IP address for each server. In this case, if there is a problem with one of the power supplies, the connected server will enter Safe Mode. If the power supply is that of the active server, services - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 28
on, the passive server will not take over services to avoid a Splitbrain error. 3.9 System notifications If a major event or problem occurs in the system, you may want to be notified as soon as possible. This section provides instructions for notifications settings. Enable email notifications 1. Go - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 29
. This prefix will be added to the subject of each message sent by your Synology NAS, helping you identify and filter messages. 5. Refer to the respective help articles for DSM 7.0 and DSM 6.2 for more information. Notification content settings At Control Panel > Notification > Rules, you can select - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 30
also manage the cluster on this page. Refer to the respective help articles for DSM 7.0 and DSM 6.2 for more details. High-availability cluster status The top of the page displays the overall status of the high-availability cluster. You can check if the system is running as expected. Some solutions - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 31
case, all services will be suspended to avoid further data inconsistencies until the issues are resolved. To troubleshoot abnormal high availability cluster statuses (Warning or Critical), refer to Chapter 2: SHA Troubleshooting in the Synology High Availability (SHA) Troubleshooting Guide. High - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 32
remove the passive server, or remove the cluster entirely. Notes: • Once a high-availability cluster is removed, you will have to fully re-synchronize your data to server are usually be higher since it is responsible for running all services. In this section, you can check the following: • CPU - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 33
, refer to the Log tab. 4.2 Host The Host page displays crucial information about the two hosts. This includes the Find button - for locating your NAS via a beeping sound and LED light - and the Power buttons for each server. This page also shows each host's information, along with their hardware - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 34
the network settings of the high-availability cluster and the other of the hosts. You can get an overview of the network interface usage and create or remove additional Cluster connections if necessary. Refer to the respective help articles for DSM 7.0 and DSM - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 35
Hosts This tab shows the statuses and details of the network interfaces on the active and the passive servers. 4.4 Service This page allows you to monitor certain services. If a monitored service fails on the active server, the system will fail over to the passive server as long as the passive - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 36
an SHA Cluster for more information and setup instructions. 4.5 Storage This page details the statuses of the storage volumes on the active and passive servers in the high-availability cluster. Refer to the respective help articles for DSM 7.0 and DSM 6.2 for more details. Because the capacity and - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 37
error. For more details on solving these issues, refer to the respective help articles for DSM 7.0 and DSM 6.2. HDD/SSD This tab provides the status and details on the drives. You can and records the events of the high-availability cluster. You can view, search for, sort, clear, and export logs. 35 - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 38
either of the servers with the cluster IP address and open Synology High Availability. 3. To view the differences in the data on the two data, follow the instructions in this article. 4. Click Manage > Resolve split-brain errors on the Cluster page and follow the onscreen instructions. There are two - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 39
in Control Panel. 4. Your Synology NAS will check if there is a new version available. If there is a new version available, click Download and then click Update Now to begin the update process.2 To update DSM manually on a high-availability cluster: 1. Go to Synology Download Center, select your - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 40
5. Click Manual DSM Update. 6. Upload the DSM update file to each server and then click OK to begin the update process. Update the Synology High Availability package Services will still be available while updating the Synology High Availability package. 1. Go to Synology High Availability > Cluster - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 41
Cluster 5.2 Drive firmware update If you installed Synology drives (HDD/SSD) in your high-availability cluster, you can update their firmware via DSM. Firmware updates ensure the compatibility and continued use of the Synology drives installed in your Synology NAS. If the firmware status of one or - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 42
Chapter 5: Maintain your High-availability Cluster 2. You can edit, enable, and disable2 the SHA cluster IP address, or click Configure Server Network to edit the IP addresses of the active and passive servers. 3. Select Use manual configuration and edit the network information of either or both - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 43
Right-click on the cluster and click Setup to configure the new network settings. 6. Enter a DSM administrator's username and password. 7. Select Use manual configuration and specify the new IP information. 8. Click OK to save your settings. 9. Go to Synology Assistant again, and you will see that - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 44
servers. To avoid injury or damaging your Synology NAS, make sure to follow the drive installation instructions found in the Hardware Installation Guide for your Synology device.1 2. Make sure that all of the new drives show up in Synology High Availability > Storage > HDD/SSD. You can check the - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 45
active server and replace it with one of a larger size. To avoid injury or damaging your Synology NAS, make sure to follow the drive installation instructions found in the Hardware Installation Guide for your Synology device.1 3. Go to Storage Manager > HDD/SSD to make sure the newly added drive has - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 46
additional storage. When you use two expansion-ready NAS in a high-availability cluster, you will be able to expand its storage capacity with expansion units. Refer to this article to see if your servers are compatible with Synology expansion units. This section provides steps on pairing expansion - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 47
Installation Guide for your Synology NAS. Method 1: Shut down the cluster You can expand the memory capacity on your active and passive servers, but you will need to shutdown the cluster for a short period of time. 1. Sign in to your high-availability cluster and go to Synology High Availability - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 48
return to normal. For more details, refer to Chapter 2: SHA Troubleshooting in the Synology High Availability (SHA) Troubleshooting Guide. 5.6 M.2 SSD installation SSD caches can achieve better performance on Synology NAS by leveraging the advantages of SSDs. By storing frequently accessed data in - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 49
for a short period of time. 1. Sign in to your high-availability cluster and go to Synology High Availability > Cluster. 2. Click the power button and select Shut down cluster. 3. Refer to the Hardware Installation Guide for instructions on how to install the network interface cards on both - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 50
the switchover function. 1. Sign in to your high-availability cluster and go to Synology High Availability > Host. 2. On the passive server, click the power button and select Shut Down. 3. Refer to the Hardware Installation Guide for instructions on how to install the network interface card on - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 51
on DSM migration. 1. Go to Synology High Availability > Synology NAS will automatically be restarted and added to the cluster as the passive server. If you need to modify the new IP address, refer to the Network management section of Chapter 5: Maintain your Highavailability Cluster for instructions - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 52
Management section of Chapter 5: Maintain your High-availability Cluster for instructions. Note: If the cluster is in an abnormal state before migration, refer to Chapter 2: SHA Troubleshooting in the Synology High Availability (SHA) Troubleshooting Guide to fix the issue before continuing. 50 - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 53
cluster? • How can I repair a degraded storage space in a high-availability cluster? • Frequently asked questions about Synology High Availability cluster Software specs Refer to the Synology High Availability software specifications for DSM 7.0 and DSM 6.2 to learn more about the package's features - Synology RS2821RP | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.0 - Page 54
specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice. Copyright © 2022 Synology Inc. All rights reserved. ® Synology and other names of Synology Products are proprietary marks or registered trademarks of Synology Inc. Other products and company names mentioned herein are trademarks of
User Guide for
Synology High Availability (SHA)
Based on
DSM 7.0 and Synology High Availability 2.1.0