Campbell Scientific CSAT3B CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer
Campbell Scientific CSAT3B Manual
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- Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 1
INSTRUCTION MANUAL CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer 2/15 Copyright © 2015 Campbell Scientific, Inc. - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 2
- Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 3
CSI to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for twelve months from the date of shipment unless otherwise specified in the corresponding product manual. (Product manuals are available for review online at www.campbellsci.com.) Products not manufactured by CSI - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 4
problem, an RMA number will be issued. Please write this number clearly on the outside of the shipping container. Campbell Scientific's shipping address is: CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC customer at the customer's expense. Campbell Scientific reserves the right to refuse service on products that were exposed - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 5
exceed design limits. Be familiar and comply with all instructions provided in product manuals. Manuals are available at www.campbellsci.com or by telephoning IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS, THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 6
- Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 7
Standard Components 9 5.2.1.1 CM250 Leveling Mounting Kit 9 5.2.1.2 USB Data Cable 10 5.2.1.3 Resource DVD 10 5.2.2 Optional Components 10 5.2.2.1 Sonic Carrying Case 10 5.2.3 Common Accessories 11 5.2.3.1 Power and Communications Cables 11 5.2.3.2 FW05 Thermocouple 13 5.2.3.3 FWC-L Cable - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 8
Programming using SDM or CPI 51 8.4.1 CRBasic Instructions 52 8.4.1.1 CSAT3B 52 8.4.1.2 CSAT3BMonitor 52 8.4.2 Diagnostic Word 53 8.4.3 SDMTrigger 54 9. Maintenance and Troubleshooting 55 9.1 General Maintenance 55 9.2 Sonic Wicks 55 9.3 Desiccant 56 9.4 Calibration 57 9.4.1 Test - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 9
power wiring to a CR1000 datalogger 6 4-7. CPI and power connections to a CR6 datalogger 7 4-8. Lit status light on CSAT3B block 7 5-1. CM250 mount 9 5-2. Campbell Scientific resource DVD 10 5-3. Options for CSAT3BCBL1 Power/SDM cable 12 5-4. Options for CSAT3BCBL2 power cable 12 5-5. Options - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 10
Configuration Utility 45 8-2. Example of unprompted RS-485 or USB output to PC 50 9-1. Proper orientation of sonic top wick (left) and bottom wick (right).. 56 9-2. Exploded view of CSAT3B desiccant canister 57 9-3. CSAT3B real-time data with 1 sec update and ux and uy wind component graphed 59 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 11
Utility before attaching sensor to PC 3. Initial Inspection Upon receipt of the CSAT3B, inspect the packaging and contents for damage. File damage claims with the shipping company. Contact Campbell Scientific to facilitate repair or replacement. Immediately check package contents against shipping - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 12
Sonic Anemometer The CSAT3B ships with: • CM250 leveling mounting kit • USB data cable, pn 30179 • Resource DVD • Certificate of conformance 4. Quickstart This Quickstart section covers only the very basic steps in setting up a CSAT3B using SDM or CPI communications with a Campbell Scientific - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 13
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer NOTE FIGURE 4-2. CSAT3B mounting 4. Ground the CSAT3B to the tower by attaching a user-supplied, heavygauge wire from the copper grounding lug on the back of the CSAT3B block (FIGURE 4-3). 5. Earth (chassis) ground the other end of the wire to the CSAT3B - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 14
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer CAUTION Grounding the CSAT3B is critical. Proper grounding to Earth (chassis) will the cable length in feet) cable to the connector on the back of the CSAT3B block labeled Power/SDM as shown in FIGURE 4-4. CPI Communications If using CPI communications - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 15
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 4-5. Cable connections for CPI 2. Connect power to FIGURE 4-6 which shows these connections to a CR1000 datalogger. TABLE 4-1. Wiring Diagram for CSAT3B with SDM Communications Datalogger Terminal 12 V (or other 9.5 to 32 Vdc source) Ground Ground - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 16
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 4-6. SDM and power wiring to a CR1000 datalogger CPI Communications With CPI communications, connect the red and black wires on the end of the CSAT3BCBL2-L- - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 17
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 4-7. CPI and power connections to a CR6 datalogger 3. Use LoggerNet, PC400, or PC200W to send a datalogger program to the datalogger. See Section 8.4, Datalogger Programming using SDM or CPI, for more information on datalogger instructions and - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 18
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer 4.3 Factory Settings The CSAT3B is shipped from the factory with the default settings that are shown in TABLE 4-2. These settings can be changed with a PC running Campbell Scientific's Device Configuration Utility, version 2.10 or newer, and the USB cable that - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 19
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer 5.1 Features The CSAT3B offers the following key features: • Integrated electronics provide easy of the sensor arms, creating greater rigidity and improved accuracy of sonic temperature • Supports datalogger sampling at any frequency between 1 and 100 Hz • New - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 20
contains files for all product manuals and other product literature for Campbell Scientific products. FIGURE 5-2. Campbell Scientific resource DVD 5.2.2 Optional Components 5.2.2.1 Sonic Carrying Case A large, hard plastic Pelican™ carrying case is available for the CSAT3B. It is watertight and - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 21
mode, are outlined below. NOTE Unlike the earlier CSAT3, default-length cables are not included. This allows the user to specify the exact length, communication type, and connector type of the cable(s) needed for the application. Campbell Scientific uses a system for naming cables that provide - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 22
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer NOTE To collect data through another means (CPI, RS-485, USB), the CSAT3BCBL1 Power/SDM cable may still be used to provide power to the CSAT3B, in which case the SDM wires should be left unwired to any ports on the datalogger. FIGURE 5-3. Options for CSAT3BCBL1 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 23
-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 5-5. Options for cabling CPI or RS-485 communications 5.2.3.2 FW05 Thermocouple The FW05 is a Type E thermocouple with a 0.0127 mm (0.0005 in) diameter (FIGURE 5-6). The thermocouple measures atmospheric temperature fluctuations and may be used with the CSAT3B to - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 24
thermocouple (TC) cover. NOTE The backplate is required for the CSAT3B but not for other Campbell sonic anemometers. In the case of previous models, the back side of the data rate should be followed. Because CPI communications can support longer network cable lengths, it is generally recommended as - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 25
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer 5.2.4.1 Power/SDM Splitter The Power/SDM splitter (pn 30293) has three 6-pin M16 connectors. The splitter, shown in FIGURE 5-8, allows connection at the Power/SDM port on the back of the CSAT3B block to two CSAT3BCBL1 or CSAT3BCBL2 cables. The splitter is IP68 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 26
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer distance from the datalogger, the HUB-SDM8 can be placed near the CSAT3Bs with a single SDM cable extended from the hub to the datalogger. This decreases the total network cable length, which limits signal attenuation. The HUB-SDM8 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 27
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 5-11. HUB-CPI for multiple CSAT3B connections to CPI communications 5.2.4.6 CAT6 Ethernet Cable The CAT6 Ethernet cable (pn 28899) is a 61 cm (2 ft), unshielded CAT6 network cable with RJ45 connectors. It - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 28
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer CSAT3B before the wind speed is transformed into orthogonal coordinates. Because of this correction, it is not necessary to apply the speed of sound correction described by Liu et al., 2001 (see Section10.1, References). The CSAT3B has several operating modes - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 29
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer Internal Monitor Measurements Update Rate: Inclinometer Accuracy: Relative Humidity m (2800 ft) max @ 50 kbps 1 - 120 ~300 RS-485: Used for anemometer configuration or PC-based data acquisition. Baud Rate: Cable Length: Bus Clocks per Sample: 9.6 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 30
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer 6.4 Physical Description Dimensions Anemometer Overall: Measurement Path: Transducer Angle: Transducer Diameter: Transducer Mounting Diameter: Support Arm Diameter: 60.7 cm (23.9 in) length 43.0 cm (16.9 in) height 12.2 cm (4.8 in) width 10.0 cm (3.9 in) - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 31
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 6-1. Dimensions of CSAT3B 7. Installation Campbell Scientific recommends that the CSAT3B and data acquisition system is setup in a laboratory setting before field installation. This provides an opportunity to verify that settings and programs are correct - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 32
Sonic Anemometer 2. Connect the circular connector on the USB data cable included with the CSAT3B (pn 30179) to the port labelled USB on the back of the CSAT3B this PC has connected to a CSAT3B and depending on the PC settings, the USB driver may need to be manually installed. To do this, make sure - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 33
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer describes each of the settings or status values in these subscreens. For each setting or status value, the factory default setting is noted by the - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 34
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer TABLE 7-1. CSAT3B Settings and Status Values in Device Configuration Utility Subscreen Measurement Settings Instrument ID Setting or Status Value Unprompted Output Rate Operating Mode Filter Bandwidth Anemometer Serial Number Options 10 Hz1 20 Hz 50 Hz 100 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 35
. Typically, the anemometer should be mounted level to the ground as described in Section 7.4, Leveling. 7.3 Mounting The CSAT3B is supplied with mounting hardware to attach it to the end of a horizontal pipe with an outer diameter of 3.33 cm (1.31 in), such as the Campbell Scientific CM202, CM204 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 36
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer CAUTION FIGURE 7-3. CM210 mounting kit with CM20X crossarm 2. Point the horizontal arm into the direction of the prevailing wind and tighten the nuts and bolts of the mounting hardware. 3. Attach the CM250 leveling mount (pn 26559; included with the CSAT3B - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 37
bubble within the level on top of the CSAT3B block is in the bullseye. Over sloping terrain, adjust the anemometer head so that the horizontal surface upon which the bubble level is mounted is parallel to the terrain. Firmly grasp the sonic anemometer block, loosen the bolt underneath the block, and - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 38
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer The inclinometer is sampled at a rate of 2 Hz and is not necessarily synchronized with the wind and sonic the CSAT3B and a PC computer running Campbell Scientific's Device Configuration Utility. It can also be output using the CRBasic instruction - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 39
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer First, attach the TC cover backplate to the CSAT3B with the screw that was included. Next, attach the female connector from the FWC-L to the side of the anemometer with the short screw (#2-56 x 0.437in, pn 3514) that was provided with the white thermocouple cover - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 40
or its intake downwind of the sonic sampling volume. 7.6 Wiring On the back of the CSAT3B block there is a copper grounding lug (refer to FIGURE 4-3). Use a standard flat-head screwdriver to pinch an 8 AWG to 14 AWG wire between the lug and the lug screw. Campbell Scientific offers a 10 AWG copper - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 41
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer The appropriate port settings must be modifying as described in Section 7.1, Settings. NOTE Unlike previous CSAT3 models, the CSAT3B does not include 7.6 m (25 ft) lengths of all cable types. help, contact a Campbell Scientific application engineer. 31 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 42
-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer NOTE For all communications types, if the total number of CSAT3Bs and support up to 32 Vdc if the power supply is connected to the CHG input terminals. For more details, refer to a datalogger user manual. 7.7.1 SDM Communications If data collection from the anemometer - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 43
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 7-8. SDM/Power connections FIGURE 7-9. Wiring to power and SDM ports on CR1000 datalogger 33 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 44
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer For an application that requires SDM communications from multiple CSAT3Bs in series, or with a daisy-chain topology, first connect to each CSAT3B as described in Section 7.1, Settings, to ensure each sensor has been assigned a unique SDM address. Connect a - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 45
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 7-10. SDM daisy chain (CSAT3B sensor arms and grounding cables not shown) 35 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 46
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 7-11. SDM star topology (CSAT3B sensors arms and grounding cables not shown) 7.7.2 CPI Communications If data collection from the anemometer is to be done by a datalogger using CPI communications, then connect a CSAT3BCBL2 to the Power/SDM port by screwing - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 47
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 7-12. Power and CPI cable connections FIGURE 7-13. CPI connection to a CR6 datalogger 37 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 48
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer NOTE CPI Daisy-chain Topology For an application that requires CPI communication from multiple CSAT3Bs in series, or with a daisy-chain topology, first connect to each CSAT3B as described in Section 7.1, Settings, to give each sensor a unique CPI address. Then - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 49
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 7-14. CPI daisy chain (CSAT3B sensor arms and grounding cables not shown) 39 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 50
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 7-15. CPI star topology (CSAT3B sensor arms and grounding cables not shown) 7.7.3 RS-485 Communications If data collection from the anemometer is to be accomplished by a PC using RS-485, first connect the CSAT3B as described in Section 7.1, Settings, to - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 51
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer NOTE CPI/RS-485 Communication Port Protocol: RS-485 Enabled Next, connect a CSAT3BCBL3 cable to the CPI/RS-485 port in the same manner. If only one CSAT3B is being measured, the opposite end of the power cable should have pigtail wire leads, which may be - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 52
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer 7.7.4 USB NOTE WARNING If data collection from the anemometer is to be done by a PC using USB communications, first connect to the CSAT3B as described in Section 7.1, Settings, to confirm the following settings: Unprompted Output Port: USB Port Unprompted Output - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 53
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer TABLE 7-3. CSAT3B Cable Wire Assignments CSAT3B Cable Type CSAT3BCBL1 CSAT3BCBL2 CSAT3BCBL3 Signal Description Power 9.5-32 Vdc Ground SDM GND SDM C1 SDM C2 SDM C3 Shield Power 9.5-32 Vdc Ground RxA - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 54
trigonometry, or manually by using the methods described by Schotanus et al., 1983 and Liu et al., 2001 (see Section 10.1, References). The CSAT3B corrects for the effects of crosswind on the speed of sound. The equations derived by Schotanus et al., 1983, apply to sonic anemometers that make speed - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 55
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer 8.2 Operating Modes The CSAT3B has different operating modes that are selected based on the data filters, and data output as a guide to selecting the appropriate mode. Mode 1 is the default operating mode for the CSAT3B and is recommended when fluxes are the - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 56
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer TABLE 8-1. Overview of CSAT3B Operating Modes. Mode 1 2 3 4 Measurement Trigger Filters Output Prompt Source Rate Enabled Bandwidth (Hz) Source Rate Datalogger 1 to 100 Hz1 No - Datalogger 1 to 100 Hz* CSAT3B 100 Hz Yes 5, 10, 20, 25 Datalogger - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 57
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer analyzed, the user should choose a filter bandwidth that is at the Nyquist frequency, which is half the data output rate from the CSAT3B to the goes through a scan of the program and executes the CSAT3B() CRBasic instruction. See Section 8.4.1, CRBasic 47 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 58
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer NOTE Instructions, for details on the instruction. When the trigger is executed, it will also prompt the CSAT3B to output the most recent measurement in the buffer. This means that the data collected in the datalogger will be delayed by exactly one scan - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 59
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer NOTE The final data field in each record is the the data should be disregarded. The following block of code is an example implementation of Campbell Scientific's signature algorithm in the programming language C. To generate the signature of an output array - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 60
advantages in making synchronous measurements, Campbell Scientific recommends using a datalogger that supports SDM or CPI communications to collect data from the CSAT3B. If flux measurements are the primary interest, Campbell Scientific further recommends that the CSAT3B be operated in Mode 1 where - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 61
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer when the measurement actually took place, whereas the CSAT3B data will be delayed by 100 ms. Datalogger Programming using SDM or CPI The CSAT3B() CRBasic instructions control and retrieve data from the CSAT3B. These instructions are available on the CR6, CR800/850 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 62
Sonic Anemometer The following sections give specifics about CRBasic instructions. Examples of common CRBasic programs for the CSAT3B are shown in Appendix C, Example CRBasic Datalogger Programs. 8.4.1 CRBasic Instructions 8.4.1.1 CSAT3B() The CSAT3B() instruction is the primary instruction - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 63
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer Destination: This variable will store the values returned by the anemometer. The destination variable must be declared as a float (default) with at least four elements. The CSAT3B returns the following data in response to this instruction: 1) Electronics - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 64
) Resend an OS and/or cal file to the CSAT3B; contact Campbell Scientific for details 8.4.3 SDMTrigger() The SDMTrigger() is an SDM Input/Output instruction that controls SDM devices that support the group trigger protocol, including the CSAT3B. Up to 15 group-trigger devices can be connected - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 65
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer 9. Maintenance and Troubleshooting 9.1 General Maintenance With no moving parts, maintenance of the CSAT3B is minimal and limited to the following: • Replacing rain wicks • Replacing the desiccant canister • Monitoring diagnostics and measurement offsets to - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 66
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer face by between one half and one mesh lines (FIGURE 9-1, right). Secure the wicks to the transducer with a drop of adhesive, such as super glue. Replacement top wicks (pn 17388) and bottom wicks (pn 17389) can be purchased from Campbell Scientific. A - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 67
Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer If monitoring shows the internal humidity of the CSAT3B rising above 50%, including during night time cooling cycles, the desiccant should be replaced with canisters that can be purchased from Campbell Scientific as pn 30749. The desiccant is held in the small - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 68
Sonic Anemometer Section 6, Specifications, is another indication that a recalibration is due. To check for wind offset, refer to Section 9.4.1, Test for Wind Offset. 9.4.1 Test for Wind Offset Testing wind offset on a CSAT3B the head from the block that supports the CSAT3B upper and lower arms. Do - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 69
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer FIGURE 9-3. CSAT3B real-time data with 1 sec update and ux and uy wind component graphed FIGURE 9-4. CSAT3B real-time data with 1 sec update and uz wind component graphed 59 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 70
Campbell Scientific for an RMA number to recalibrate the CSAT3B. NOTE When returning a CSAT3B for factory recalibration or repair, it is important to ship the unit with the foam inserts (see Section 5.2.2.1, Sonic Carrying Case) provided from the factory). 9.5 Troubleshooting Most problems - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 71
provided in the Assistance section at the beginning of this manual which gives instructions for generating an RMA number. If additional help is needed, please contact an application engineer at Campbell Scientific. When preparing the CSAT3B for shipment, be sure to package it in the same - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 72
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer Schotanus, P., Nieuwstadt, F. T. M. and de Bruin, H. A. R.: 1983, "Temperature Measurement with a Sonic Anemometer and its Application to Heat and Moisture Fluxes", Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 26, 81-93. Burns, S. P., Horst, T. W., Jacobsen, L., Blanken P. D. - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 73
A.1 Determining True North and Sensor Orientation The orientation of the CSAT3B negative x-axis is found by reading a magnetic compass and applying the site-specific correction for magnetic declination; where the magnetic declination is the number of - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 74
Appendix A. CSAT3B Orientation Declination angles are always subtracted from the compass reading to find True North. A declination angle East of True North is reported as positive a value - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 75
Appendix A. CSAT3B Orientation A.2 Online Magnetic Declination Calculator The magnetic declination calculator web calculator published by NOAA's Geophysical Data Center is available at the following URL: www.ngdc. - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 76
Appendix A. CSAT3B Orientation FIGURE A-5. NOAA magnetic calculator results The declination for Salt Lake City, UT is 11.7 ° (4 November, 2014). As shown in FIGURE A-5, the declination for Utah - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 77
of Operation B.1.1 Wind Speed Each axis of the CSAT3B pulses two ultrasonic signals in opposite directions. The ub, and uc, where the subscripts a, b, and c refer to the non-orthogonal sonic axis. The non-orthogonal wind speed components are then transformed into orthogonal wind speed components, - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 78
is given in Eq. (B-5) and was found from the sum of the inverses of Eq. (B-1) and (B-2). The CSAT3B corrects online for the effect of wind blowing perpendicular to the sonic path. No additional off-line corrections are required as suggested by Liu et al., 2001. c = d 1 + 1 2 to - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 79
CSAT3B Measurement Theory Substitute Eq. (B-7a) and (B-7b) into (B-6) and ignore the higher order terms. This yields c2 = γ dRdTs = γ dRdT(1+ 0.51q) (B-8) where: Ts = sonic H. A. R.: 1983, "Temperature Measurement with a Sonic Anemometer and its Application to Heat and Moisture Fluxes", Boundary - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 80
Appendix B. CSAT3B Measurement Theory B-4 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 81
) Sample (4,CSATMonitorVals(1),IEEE4) EndTable Main Program BeginProg Scan(50,msec,500,0) '20 Hz Scan 'CSAT3B(Destination, Bus, Address, OperatingMode) CSAT3B(CSATVals(),0,SDM_ADDR,0) CallTable(SonicData) NextScan SlowSequence Scan(5,sec,0,0) '5 second scan 'CSAT3BMonitor (Destination, Bus - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 82
CRBasic Datalogger Programs C.2 Simple CPI Program In this example, CPI communications are used to collect data from a single CSAT3B. ' Define Constants, Variables, and Aliases Const CPI_ADDR = 30 'CPI Address of Device Public CSATVals(5) Public CSATMonitorVals(4) Alias CSATVals - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 83
example, CPI communications are used to collect data from a single CSAT3B. 'Copyright (c) 2014 Campbell Scientific, Inc. All rights reserved. 'The following sensors are measured: 'CSAT3B three dimensional sonic anemometer 'The site attendant must load in several constants and calibration values - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 84
Temperature 'Board Relative Humidity 'Inclinometer Pitch 'Inclinometer Roll 'CSAT3B diagnostic flags Public diag_bits(9) As Boolean Alias diag_bits(1) = Public panel_temp Units panel_temp = C Define Data Tables Original Sonic Data DataTable (DataSonic,1,-1) Sample (5,wind(1),IEEE4) EndTable ' - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 85
) Average (1,board_humidity,IEEE4,FALSE) Average (1,incline_pitch,IEEE4,FALSE) Average (1,incline_roll,IEEE4,FALSE) EndTable ' Main Program BeginProg Move (Ux,5,NaN,1) 'Set all CSAT3B variables to NaN CPISpeed (CPI_RATE) 'Set the SDM clock speed Scan (SCAN_INTERVAL,mSec,500,0) C-5 - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 86
returned is NaN disable_stats(1) = ((diag_integer AND &hffffffff) OR (diag = NaN)) 'Turn on this intermediate processing disable flag only when 'CSAT3B diagnostic warning flags are set disable_stats(2) = ((diag_integer AND &hffffffff) AND NOT (diag = NaN)) 'Compute the online wind vector statistics - Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 87
- Campbell Scientific CSAT3B | CSAT3B Three-Dimensional Sonic Anemometer - Page 88
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INSTRUCTION MANUAL
CSAT3B Three-Dimensional
Sonic Anemometer
2/15
Copyright © 2015
Campbell Scientific, Inc.